One of the inflammation options of the urinary tract - cystitis - this 80% disease is considered a female disease, due to the anatomical characteristics of the female body.
In women, the bladder must more often be empty than in men, and is also more likely to attack by various microbes, bacteria and viruses which can cause cystitis in women.
The symptoms and the treatment of this disease depend directly on a certain number of factors, the nature of the process, the location, the pathogen of the infection and are classified by:
- Depending on the location of the inflammatory process in the urinary system - there may be damage to the mucous, muscle or submucosa layer of the bladder.
- By the nature of the course of the disease - acute or chronic.
- According to morphological changes - catarrhal, cystic, ulcerative, hemorrhagic, granulomatous, tumor -shaped, etc.
- According to the pathogenic agent, it can be bacterial (E. coli, staphylococcus, streptococci, urapaplasma, mycoplasma, gonorrhea, mycobacterium of tuberculosis, etc.), viral, fungal and non -bacteria (allergic, medication, toxic, radiation).
With cystitis - Which doctor contact?
Cystitis takes place quite painfully, with rapid urination, burns and sharp pains after emptying, with a constant feeling of overflowing the bladder, a low body temperature, sometimes even with a mixture of blood and mucus in the urine.If the woman has the symptoms listed, which doctor contact?
With cystitis in women, to clarify the diagnosis, first of all, you must contact the urologist, because it is this doctor who is engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis, for examination, it is necessary to take urine analysis - general analysis, for the study of the bladder and cystoscopy.
In addition, a gynecologist must be visited, because often cystitis can be caused not only by banal bacteria, but also to be combined with sexually transmitted infections, therefore, examination of the gynecologist and the surrender of a smear for the study of vaginal microflora are also necessary.With cystitis in women, treatment includes both antibiotics and uroseptic, the doctor can sometimes be prescribed by the instillation of the bladder, as well as physiotherapy.
Causes of cystitis in women
Most often, the cause of cystitis in women is infectious agents, because the location close to the vagina, the anus, the short and fairly wide urethra is located in the penetration of various pathogenic microorganisms in the bladder along the ascending trajectories.However, there are other ways to penetrate bacteria into the urinary system:
- The ascending path is urethral, that is to say the urethra
- Descending path - on the contrary, from the upper urinary tract
- Lymphogen - Other small pelvic organs
- Hematogen is a rare way to penetrate the infection of distant organs.
When a woman has symptoms of cystitis, you should not be self-managed, since the causes of cystitis, pathogens are a large number, and for correct treatment, you must first determine them, clarify their sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs and only to prescribe a complete treatment.
Cystitis in women is very rarely an isolated process, when hygiene, constipation, colds, abuse of sharp products or alcohol, the use of pants - a change in a partner, a rare emptying of bladder, etc.cause the reproduction of banal pathogenic bacteria.In 80%, it is E. coli, in 15% of Staphylococcus, 5% of other bacteria, such as a pseudoscan, Klebsiella, Proteus.
- Most often, cystitis occurs in the context of inflammatory processes in the vagina or for diseases of the female genital organs, such as bacterial vaginosis, church, diseases are transmitted (gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis, chlamydia, ureplasmosis), sometimes cystitis accompanies tuberculosis female orgies.Many hidden infections and tuberculosis are asymptomatic, imperceptibly, a woman periodically feels certain discomfort, the subfingle temperature, the weakness, does not visit the doctor and does not apply to diagnostic centers to study the causes of light diseases.
- Additional provocative factors in the development of cystitis include pyelonephritis, bladder stones, the stagnation of urine to diverticulum.
- Very often, cystitis occurs in pregnant women, which is explained by a change in microflora and vaginal, and urological tract, under the influence of endocrine and hemodynamic restructuring in the body in a pregnant woman.
- If a woman suffers from meal diabetes, frequent manifestations of allergic reactions, she is subject to constant toxic effects or leads the treatment of cancer using radiotherapy - these are also risk factors for cystitis.
- Sometimes, after surgical manipulations, operations, endoscopic examination, the mucosa is injured, which contributes to the development of cystitis in women.
- The symptoms of cystitis also occur during menopause, because with menopause, atrophic changes in the body and the lack of estrogens are also reflected in the urogenital tract.
In addition to acute cystitis, many women suffer from a chronic inflammatory process in the context of slow infections listed above, or chronic cystitis in women is associated with the omission of the uterus and the vagina.
Symptoms of cystitis in women
After provocative factors, such as injuries, a cold, after unprotected sex, infectious disease, etc., acute cystitis can occur in women, which always starts very strongly, suddenly:
- Dyurie - Quick urimination, rubberized in the bladder, burning and pain in the urethra, constant desire to empty the bladder.
- Before urination, a woman must usually make efforts, pushing.The frequency of envy is so high that a woman must visit the toilet every 15 minutes, there is sometimes an involuntary urinary incontinence.
- Nisturia is the predominance of a nighttime desire to empty the bladder.
- Pain generally accompanies the beginning and end of the process of urination.Apart from the emptying process, pain is only located in the pubic and perineum.The intensity of the pain may be different, slightly discomfort to unbearable and strong strong attacks.
- Almost always with cystitis in women, the urine is muddy, purulent.
- In acute cystitis, the temperature can increase to 38 ° C, respectively, the weakness, the deterioration of the overall well occurs.
- Very often, after the first acute process, relapses of the disease occur if acute cystitis develops again a month after treatment, which therefore indicates the preservation of infection.
- In chronic cystitis in a woman, the symptoms and the treatment of the disease are identical, it is possible that the pain and the frequency of the urination are not as strongly expressed.During an exacerbation of the chronic process, a clinical picture of acute cystitis is possible, and during the period of remission, neither laboratory or symptomatic data indicates an inflammatory process.
Cystitis treatment in women
For the treatment of acute and chronic cystitis in women, you must ask for advice from a gynecologist and an urologist.Usually, in acute cystitis with adequate therapy, healing literally occurs in a week.
If the infectious nature of the occurrence of cystitis in a woman is confirmed, the treatment is compulsory aimed at destroying pathogenic microorganisms with antimicrobials, the antibiotics to which pathogens are sensitive:
- Recently, fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, phosphomicine, nitrofurans, have been widely used in women.These drugs for the treatment of cystitis in women have side effects and have a number of contraindications, so their use is only possible as prescribed by a doctor.
- If a specific microflora is found according to the analyzes, the treatment includes possible antiviral agents, antifungal or antimicrobial agents.
- With intense pain, antipasmodics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.
- If there are no allergic reactions to medicinal herbs, you can use various variants of Lingonberry sheets, the field cabinet, Uva Ursi.It is preferable to use herbs not in bags, but the form of gathering, powder - infusion and insist like any ordinary decoction of medicinal herbs.
- An indigenous antiseptic is an effective remedy for cystitis, a fairly unique administration of this medication.
- There are also many drugs for ready -made tablets, which are used as auxiliaries when they are calomic with an acute inflammatory process, they must be consumed for a long time, for a more persistent effect.Cranberries also help a lot,Fruit drinks in cranberriesWith cystitis or form of drug tablet containing cranberry extract.
- In the treatment of cystitis, women should increase the daily quantity of liquid drunkards, for the rapid elimination of body toxins, it is also worth joining a lactive diet.
Cystitis prevention - Useful advice for women
- Cystitis and transient deception of dearazione of urinary tract associated with sexual life occurs in a frequent change of partners if a man does not observe hygiene and are not used by condoms in sexual intercourse.
- Respect for personal hygiene is the key to the lack of relapse of bacterial cystitis.Use averages with neutral acid balance for intimate hygiene.
- Control the fullness and the appropriate emptying of the bladder, do not allow the prolonged stagnation of the urine.
- Smoking, especially damp legs in cold weather, causes exacerbation.
- Drink at least 2 liters of water, freshly pressed juices or cranberry fruit drinks per day.
- Do not wear sheep pants if you have chronic cystitis, when you wear such a linen, the intestinal wand becomes very easily to the urethra.And do not wear too tight clothes, jeans, they disrupt normal blood circulation in the pelvic area.
- Construction also causes cystitis relapses, try to include dried apricots, prunes, fresh cabbage and other fruits and vegetables in your daily diet.